Conditioned media has been successfully employed to investigate the indirect interactions between NF and CAFs with HNSCC cells and has identified several factors such as IL-6, IL8, CXCL-1 [48], MFAP5 [49], TGF-β [50] and IL-1ß [51] as potential therapeutic targets. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.