CD4 and tuberculosis: While CLHIV, when vaccinated with BCG at birth, are at increased risk of developing disseminated BCG disease [57], after a risk-benefit analysis, WHO guidelines now recommend that neonates and CLHIV in high TB incidence settings receive BCG vaccination if they are stable on ART (CD4% > 25% for children aged <5 years or CD4 count ≥ 200 cells/mm3 if aged >5 years) or clinically stable if CD4 testing is unavailable.