TMAO activates the cytosolic inflammasome NOD-Like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3), one of the key processes in the genesis of atherosclerosis and many chronic diseases [24], and accelerates the senescence of endothelial cells by inhibiting the activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) [25,26,27]. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and atherosclerosis.