Accordingly, we quantified the expression of proinflammatory mediators (I1—1β, Il—6, Tnf-α, G-Csf, and Vegf), Th1-type cytokines (Ifn-γ), Th2-type cytokines (Il—4, Il—5, and Il—13), Th17-type cytokines (Il—17), and chemokines (Cxc1, Cxcl2, Cxcl5, Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl11) in total lung homogenates of Card9em1Sq and Balb/c mice prior to infection and at day 14 post-infection (Figure 3). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.