Furthermore, the inhibitory impact of PD-1-expressing regulatory T cells on responder T cells was significantly reduced following exposure to PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in samples from patients with HBV-related HCC [51], strengthening the rationale for the use of immunotherapies and suggesting their promising therapeutic benefit for this patient subgroup. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.