While low levels of ROS are beneficial for cellular functions such as proliferation, excessive ROS can lead to cell damage, death [52,53,54], and contribute to diseases like cancer, hypertension, and Alzheimer’s disease [55,56], underscoring the importance of regulatory mechanisms like the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.