Many mutated ALS-related genes, such as the tubulin (e.g., dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1), kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A), and the tubulin alpha-4A chain) and actin (e.g., profilin 1) transport machinery, induce defects in the cytoskeleton or transport by inhibiting axon transport and the distribution of important organelles (e.g., the mitochondria) in cells [13,15]. The gene discussed is KIF5A; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.