By targeting SMAD7, a negative regulator of the TGFβ signalling pathway, miR-182-5p amplifies TGFβ induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of cancer cells while inhibition of miR-182-5p reduces pulmonary fibrosis [80,81]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.