Analysis of the CNS lymphoma microenvironment is still complex due to the rareness of disease, and there were no large studies found with complex and broad analysis of TME in CNS lymphomas, but available studies reveal the important role of macrophages to build up a prognosis and new possibilities of targeting treatment, focused, for example, on TGF-β or PD-1 receptors. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is primary central nervous system lymphoma.