In 2023, Watzling et al. [56], utilizing an ASCs/BC spheroid model, observed a predominant chemokine/receptor interaction between CCL5-producing ASCs and its cognate receptor (CCR1) expressing BC cells in promoting the migration of triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, proving the crucial role of 3D cell cultures in deciphering BC cells (Figure 1b,c). Here, CCL5 is linked to breast cancer.