TBX3 and atrial fibrillation: This includes loci targeted by antiarrhythmic medications, such as sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 (SCN5A) and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2), and emphasizes the significance of transcriptional regulation in AF, with genes like T-box transcription factors 3 and 5 (TBX3 and TBX5), NK2 homeobox 2 (NKX2) and PITX2 being implicated (Table 1) [76].