In the last years, the outcomes of patients with cutaneous melanoma are improved thanks to the introduction of two distinct classes of drugs that are the monoclonal antibodies targeting the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 and the programmed cell death 1, and the small molecule inhibitors of MAPK signaling pathway (which act on patients with melanoma who have BRAF mutations). This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and melanoma.