VEGFA and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In the treatment of NSCLC, several monoclonal antibodies, such as bevacizumab and ramucirumab, and small-molecule inhibitors, such as vandetanib, sunitinib, nintedanib, and anlotinib, have been developed to interrupt the interaction between VEGF and its receptors in order to achieve a therapeutic effect (17, 18).