TGFB1 and neoplasm: Through Perturb-map, Dhainaut and colleagues found that in TGF-βR2 knockout tumors, T cell infiltration was reduced along with upregulated TGF-β and TGF-β-mediated fibroblast activation, indicating that TGF-β receptor loss on tumor cells increased TGF-β relative concentration and its immunosuppressive effect [143].