STAT1 and viral infectious disease: Baris S et al. reported two patients with autosomal dominant mutations in the STAT1 gene; presented with oral candidiasis and recurrent CMV infections, in addition to cavitary mycobacterial lung disease early in life (2–4 months of age) [28].The variant in this report is previously described as a pathogenic LOF mutation, inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion, that leads to a clinical entity called immunodeficiency 31B associated with increased susceptibility to mycobacterial and viral infections.