LCN2 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: We conducted urinary assessments of multiple tubular biomarkers including KIM-1, NGAL, IL-18, MCP-1, clusterin, FABP4, and YKL-40 in ADPKD patients with moderately preserved eGFR who participated in weight loss (IMF or DCR) or metformin safety and feasibility studies.