Moreover, a restored rhythmicity of Tnf and reduced levels of Tnf and Ifn-y as well as a restored rhythmicity in the number of CD3+CD4+ cells isolated from the colonic LP and an overall reduced number of CD4 + T lymphocytes were observed in IL-10−/− Sv129 mice during RF in comparison to those in AD-fed IL-10−/− Sv129 mice (Fig. 1D, E, right). Here, TNF is linked to Alzheimer disease.