We introduced the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (BAF1) as a control and found that, after treating SW480 and HCT116 colon cancer cells with 10 μM CAPE or 10 nM BAF1 for 24 h, the levels of both p62 and LC3B proteins were significantly upregulated (Fig. 5a). This evidence concerns the gene SQSTM1 and malignant colon neoplasm.