Although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be determined, it should be noted that somatic mutations of Ahed gene have been repeatedly detected in patients with haematopoietic neoplasms such as acute myeloid leukaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and various types of malignant lymphoma, as well as in many solid tumour cases with hotspots at residues 1st, 6th, and 291st glutamine (Fig. 7e–f). Here, NKAPD1 is linked to hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm.