DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In a Canadian observational study including patients with type 2 diabetes, the adjusted hazard ratio for diabetic ketoacidosis vs. DPP4 inhibitor users were 2.52 (95% CI 1.23–5.14) for users of empagliflozin and 1.86 (1.11–3.10) for users of dapagliflozin.