Notably, we found an increased expression of granzyme B in the CD8+ effector Tc (Teff) subset upon treatment with anti–TIM-3 Ab as well as an increased expression of CD38 and the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39) in precursor exhausted CD8+ Tc (Figure 2, D and E), which have been described as tumor-specific CD8+ Tc that exhibit potent antitumor activity against different solid cancers (31–34). This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and neoplasm.