Shan et al. conducted a study to examine the impact of delivering exosomes produced from BMSC (bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells) that overexpress sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an antioxidant enzyme that relies on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and functions as a histone deacetylase, on diabetic rats with peripheral neuropathy. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is peripheral neuropathy.