In comparison to healthy controls, renal biopsies of LN patients show upregulation of genes encoding anti-inflammatory mediators (Granulin [GRN], Thymosin beta-4, X-linked [TMSB4X], cAMP response element-binding protein 5 [CREB5]), and CX3CR1 and interferon-stimulated genes). Here, TMSB4X is linked to lobular neoplasia.