The multivariate Cox proportional regression model identified significant predictors as independent prognostic factors for OS: CCL17-T high, CD34 high, CCR4 + CD73 + ≥ 13, CCR4-T high, CD73-T high, HHLA2, MVI, Treg/CD8 ≥ 1, and tumor size ≥ 5 cm. Here, CCR4 is linked to neoplasm.