VIM and neoplasm: Finally, although validation in a larger independent case-cohort is needed, we have identified E-cadherin, Vimentin, CD80, and CD155 proteins as predictive biomarkers of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, since TMB reflecting neoantigen diversity and PD-L1 score are not exclusionary predictive biomarkers of the clinical benefit of anti-PD-1/PD-L1-blocking antibodies in locally advanced and metastatic cSCCs, HNSCCs, and other tumor types93–99.