When maternal characteristics (maternal age, BMI, parity, and history of preterm birth) were included in the models with all vaginal analytes (red line), the prediction accuracy of models predicting sPTB, and the subsets of all sPTL cases and all PPROM cases, was improved (p<0.05 for all) (Figure 7A, B, and D). Here, SPTB is linked to preterm premature rupture of the membranes.