Similarly, we observed that pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 in AAA lesions were shown to be significantly increased in AngII+oe-ATF4 group and significantly decreased in AngII+sh-ATF4 group compared with AngII+AAV-control group by immunohistochemical staining (Fig. 3B). Here, ATF4 is linked to triple-A syndrome.