Inhibiting the activity of AC1 by selective inhibitor NB001 blocks behavioral sensitization and injury-related anxiety in different animal models of chronic pain, including neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, cancer pain, visceral pain and migraine.11–14 Injury-induced changes in excitatory transmission including postsynaptic and presynaptic changes, have been investigated in cortical areas, including ACC15,16 and insular cortex (IC). The gene discussed is ADCY1; the disease is Anxiety.