DFO has been investigated to treat neurodegenerative diseasessuch as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease(PD); however, dose-related toxicity in these studies, as well asin PKAN studies, have shown that the drug still requires more developmentbefore it can be applied toward NBIA cases. Here, PANK2 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.