BAX and glioma: As p38 MAPK-induced BAX/Bcl-2/caspase-3 apoptosis signaling is involved in glioma cell proliferation (Huang et al., 2023), p38 MAPK may play a pivotal role in controlling PGCs output by eliminating damaged or unscheduled pluripotency expression through mediation with Bcl-x and Bax proteins.