MTHFR and stroke disorder: Also, recent studies have implicated HHCY in several medical conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, vascular dementia, stroke, epilepsy, and more, all of which are currently undergoing extensive global research for early preventive measures [4,16]. Deficiencies in crucial elements such as vitamin B12, folate, or vitamin B6, along with mutations in enzymes like MTHFR or CBS, can cumulatively lead to disrupted HCY metabolism.