TGFBR1 and cancer: In addition, FERMT2 upregulates TGFBR1 expression, forming a positive feedback loop with the TGF-β signaling pathway.23 Furthermore, FERMT2 exerts a pro-cancer effect by promoting cytokine secretion in PSCs.24 In this study, analysis of pancreatic cancer single-cell sequencing data and FERMT2 IHC staining of tissue protein microarrays demonstrated that FERMT2 was predominantly expressed in pancreatic CAFs in pancreatic cancer tissues.