Another intracellular mechanism of regulation of NLRP3 activation involves spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), which mediates the phosphorylation of ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain) and thereby assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome.33 Activated SYK levels were higher in the liver of ethanol-fed mice and patients with ASH compared to controls, and functional inhibition of SYK in murine ALD models resulted in decreased macrophage activation, IL-1β and CASP1 production, hepatic steatosis, injury and cell death.100. This evidence concerns the gene SYK and fatty liver disease.