NFE2L2 and lung carcinoma: Since KEAP1 negatively keeps the basal protein levels of NRF2 through the KEAP1-Cul3-RBX1 E3-ubiquitin ligase complex (see chapter 3.2), somatic mutations of KEAP1 abolish this protein-protein interaction with NRF2 and lead to NRF2 activation, which is targetable in lung cancer therapy.