CCL11 and autoimmune disease: Eotaxin-1 activates eosinophils and mobilizes them to the intestinal lamina propria,[45,46] participating in the initiation and progression of inflammatory responses, thus leading to intestinal tissue damage and dysfunction.[47] CXCL9, as a chemokine expressed during immune responses, is associated with increased inflammation in various autoimmune diseases,[48–51] indicating its possible contribution to the development of CD.