HOXA9 and central nervous system cancer: Researchers have shown that HOXA9 induces cell proliferation, stemness, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in several cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC)[10–12], pancreatic cancer (PC)[13], prostate cancer (PCa)[14], osteosarcoma[15], and glioma (GBM)[16–18], where it also confers resistance to drugs and promotes cancer recurrence.