IL17A and Alzheimer disease: Indeed, oral antibiotic (amoxicillin/clavulanate) treatment of mice with antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant bacteria in the gut has shown that depletion of sensitive gut bacteria inhibits the development of Il-17a-expressing γδ T cells.25 Therefore, we have reason to believe that the inhibition of neuroinflammation and Th17 development in our AD animal models was not due to the direct effects of antibiotics, but was a consequence of the depletion of gut bacteria.