In addition, oncogenic PIK3CA is known to confer a peculiar metabolic state to cancer cells, characterized by the overexpression of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH): this enzyme is not only an important ROS source but also plays a key role in fueling the malate-aspartate shuttle, which is fundamental for the cytoplasmic NAD+ regeneration that supports the rapid glycolytic flux occurring in Akt-overexpressing tumors 165. Here, AKT1 is linked to cancer.