DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Here, the abilities of RA, Lut, and RS to bind effectively with the twelve protein targets (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase, SGLT-2, AMPK, glucokinase, aldose reductase, acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholine M2 receptor, GLP-1R, DPP-IV, and PPAR-γ) could be pivotal in the treatment of T2DM, in addition to the link capabilities of the metabolites to interact more strongly than the standard drugs with the individual receptors.