TLR4 and Zika virus infectious disease: Also, D. melanogaster prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1) is essential for male survival following Zika virus infection, while mutation of PPO2 triggers higher RNAi, Toll, Imd, and Jak/Stat immune signaling in female flies but not in male individuals, thus implying sex-specific immune responses during Zika virus infection (Tafesh-Edwards and Eleftherianos, 2023).