Totally 8 immune cell subtypes were identified form TCGA-ESCC (naive B cells, CD8 T cells, memory resting CD4 T cells, memory activated CD4 T cells, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), resting dendritic cells, activated dendritic cells), among which the proportions of naive B cells, memory resting CD4 T cells, memory activated CD4 T cells, and activated Dendritic cells were notably different between ESCC and control samples, suggesting that the development and progression of ESCC was related to these immune cells (Figure 3A). Here, CD4 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.