Pharmacological evidence strongly supports the role of 5-HT1A receptors in the mechanisms underlying depression and depressive-like behaviors, as exemplified by the antidepressant effects of 5-HT1A receptor agonists that are comparable to those of traditional antidepressants from the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) family (26–29). The gene discussed is HTR1A; the disease is major depressive disorder.