IL4 and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: Disorders in neurodevelopment, such as ADHD, are marked by a reduction in the compensatory immunoregulatory system (CIRS) (z-complex of IL-4, IL-10, sIL-1RA, and sIL-2R), heightened interleukin (IL)-1 signaling linked to increased IL-1α and decreased IL-1 receptor antagonists, heightened neurogenesis, the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages, and elevated IL-4 and CC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) levels) (7).