Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have detected human leukocyte antigen haplotypes as major risk loci with DQ2.5 (HLA-DQA1*05 and HLA-DQB1*02), DQ2.2 (HLA-DQA1*02 and HLA-DQB1*02), DQ7.5 (HLA-DQA1*05 without HLA-DQB1*02), or DQ8 (HLA-DQB1*03:02) haplotypes detected in over 99% of individuals with celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis (195). Here, HLA-DQA1 is linked to celiac disease.