GCH1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: There are reports of GCH1 exhibiting high expression in some tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (Zhong et al., 2021), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (Gao et al., 2016), and gastric cancer (Liu et al., 2022), and its association with tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis.