Mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs), which are enriched for the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) import receptor TOMM20 and cannot be stained by mitochondrial probes and lack most of respiratory chain component proteins, are implicated in diverse physiological processes—for example, mitochondrial quality control—and are linked to various neurodegenerative diseases [71]. Here, TOMM20 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.