After adjusting for potential confounding factors, significant negative correlations were found between PHDI (OR = 0.31; 95% CI; 0.11–0.85; P = 0.023) and PDP (OR = 0.34; 95% CI; 0.15–0.75; P = 0.008) with prostate cancer risk. The gene discussed is PDP1; the disease is prostate cancer.