Within the past decade, the differentiation of a novel infant-type hemispheric glioma emerged from comprehensive molecular characterization of high-grade gliomas in very young children, representing neonatal and infant tumors characterized by a distinct molecular profile driven by kinase fusion genes involving the NTRK family, ALK, ROS1 or MET [4, 6–8]. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is central nervous system cancer.