Considering the significance of sex on antitumor immunity and unclear biomarkers for PD‐1 blockade in combination with chemotherapy, this study aimed to investigate the impact of sex on the efficacy of first‐line PD‐1 blockade in combination with chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone for patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.