KDR and neoplasm: To confirm whether muscone regulates tumor angiogenesis in BC through VEGFR/PI3K/Akt/MAPK signaling, we tested our hypothesis by performing Western blotting and tube formation assays following treatment with a VEGFR2 inhibitor (SU5416), a MAPK inhibitor (PD98059), and a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002).